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Unlike other Romance languages such as French or Spanish, there is no single written standard language called "Occitan", and Occitan has no official status in France, home to most of Occitania. Since September 2010, the Parliament of Catalonia has considered Aranese Occitan to be the officially preferred language for use in the Val d'Aran.Īcross history, the terms Limousin ( Lemosin), Languedocien ( Lengadocian), Gascon, and later Provençal ( Provençal, Provençau or Prouvençau) have been used as synonyms for the whole of Occitan nowadays, "Provençal" is understood mainly as the Occitan dialect spoken in Provence, in southeast France. Occitan is an official language of Catalonia, where a subdialect of Gascon known as Aranese is spoken in the Val d'Aran.
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Catalan was considered a dialect of Occitan until the end of the 19th century and still today remains its closest relative. Some include Catalan in Occitan, as the distance between this language and some Occitan dialects (such as the Gascon language) is similar to the distance among different Occitan dialects. It is also spoken in South Italy ( Calabria) in a linguistic enclave of Cosenza area (mostly Guardia Piemontese). Occitan ( English: / ˈ ɒ k s ɪ t ən, - t æ n, - t ɑː n/ Occitan: occitan, ), also known as lenga d'òc ( Occitan: ( listen) French: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, is a Romance language (or branch of numerous of these) spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, and Catalonia's Val d'Aran collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to as Occitania.